AP 7th Class Science Bits Chapter 12 Soil and Water with Answers

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AP 7th Class Science Bits Chapter 12 Soil and Water with Answers

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer and write its letters in the brackets.

1. This is a good habitat for many small organisms.
A) Soil
B) Air
C) Water
D) Fire
Answer:
A) Soil

2. Which of the following soil is used for making utensils and pottery?
A) Shadu soil
B) Multani soil
C) China clay
D) Sandy soil
Answer:
C) China clay

3. Which of the following soil is use in cosmetics?
A) Shadu soil
B) Multani soil
C) Terracotta soil
D) China clay
Answer:
B) Multani soil

4. Which of the following soil is used for making toys and idols?
A) Shadu soil
B) Multani soil
C) Terracotta soil
D) China clay
Answer:
A) Shadu soil

5. The forming process of soil is known as
A) Pedology
B) Weathering
C) Pedogenesis
D) Sedimentation
Answer:
B) Weathering

6. Dead and decayed organic matter that mixes with soil is called …………
A) Soil profile
B) Horizons
C) Humus
D) Particles
Answer:
C) Humus

7. The sequence of horizontal and various components, layers of soil at a place is known as
A) Soil profile
B) Horizons
C) Humus
D) Particles
Answer:
A) Soil profile

8. This type of soil ball can be easily made into a cylinder and a ring.
A) Sandy soil
B) Loamy soil
C) Clayey soil
D) All of the above
Answer:
C) Clayey soil

9. This figure shows
A) Sandy soil
B) Loamy soil
C) Clayey soil
D) All of the above
Answer:
B) Loamy soil

10. Which of the following soil is well aerated and drains quickly?
A) Deltaic alluvial soil
B) Sandy soil
C) Loamy soil
D) Clayey soil
Answer:
B) Sandy soil

11. Deltaic alluvial soil is found in the following districts.
A) Krishna and Nellore
B) East and West Godavari
C) Prakasam and Kurnool
D) Visakhapatnam and Vijayanagaram
Answer:
B) East and West Godavari

12. Black soil is found in the following districts
A) Krishna and Nellore
B) East and West Godavari
C) Prakasam and Kurnool
D) Visakhapatnam and Vijayanagaram
Answer:
A) Krishna and Nellore

13. The percentage of ground and surface water is
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 97%
Answer:
A) 1%

14. The percentage of fresh water is
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 97%
Answer:
C) 3%

15. The percentage of marine water is
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 97%
Answer:
D) 97%

16. The process of entry of water into the ground is
A) Ground water
B) Percolation
C) Infiltration
D) Water table
Answer:
C) Infiltration

17. The absorption and downward movement of water through the soil layers is
A) Ground water
B) Percolation
C) Infiltration
D) Water table
Answer:
B) Percolation

18. The wells, tube wells and hand pumps get water present in the
A) Infiltrations
B) Water tables
C) Aquifers
D) Soil profiles
Answer:
C) Aquifers

19. Adding chemicals to bind with impurities in water, forming heavy particles is
A) Coagulation
B) Sedimentation
C) Filtration
D) Disinfection
Answer:
A) Coagulation

20. Adding chlorine or bleaching powder to kill disease causing micro organisms is
A) Coagulation
B) Sedimentation
C) Filtration
D) Disinfection
Answer:
D) Disinfection

21. Digudu Bavulu is an example for this conservation of water resources.
A) Recharge
B) Reuse
C) Revive
D) Reduce
Answer:
C) Revive

22. Percolation tanks, check dams and contour trenches help to this conservation of water resources
A) Recharge
B) Reuse
C) Revive
D) Reduce
Answer:
C) Revive

23. Drip irrigation is an example for this conservation of water resources.
A) Recharge
B) Reuse
C) Revive
D) Reduce
Answer:
D) Reduce

24. Assertion (A) : Soils can be classified on the basis of proportions of particles of various sizes present in them.
Reason (R) : In loamy soil the proportion of large and fine particles is almost same.
A) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.
C) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false.
D) ’A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.
Answer:
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.

25. Assertion (A) : Soil is formed by weathering of rocks.
Reason (R) : The process of breaking down of rocks by the action of wind, water, sun and climate is called weathering.
A) Both A’ and ’R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
B) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’.
C) ‘A’ is true but ’R’ isdalse.
D) ’A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.
Answer:
A) Both A’ and ’R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.

26. Statement (i) : Paddy and sugar cane grow very well in sandy soil.
Statement (ii) : Capacity to hold water is much in sandy soil than clayey soil.
Statement (iii) : Clayey soil has poor air circulation.
A) Statement (i) and (iii) are incorrect while (ii) is correct.
B) Statement (i) and (ii) are incorrect while (iii) is correct.
C) All statements are correct.
D) All statements are incorrect.
Answer:
B) Statement (i) and (ii) are incorrect while (iii) is correct.

27. Assertion (A) : Cleaning of water is a process of removing pollutants before it enters a water body.
Reason (R) : The process of cleaning of water and removal of pollutants from it is called “sewage treatment”.
A) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.
C) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false.
D) A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.
Answer:
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.

28. World water day is on
A) 22nd March
B) 20th March
C) 22nd April
D) 20th April
Answer:
A) 22nd March

29. Micro organisms in water cause the disease.
A) Cold
B) Fever
C) Body Pains
D) Cholera
Answer:
D) Cholera

30. Chemical used to disinfect water.
A) Oxygen
B) Chlorine
C) Fluorine
D) Nitrogen
Answer:
B) Chlorine

31. Essential for metabolic activity.
A) CO<sub>2</sub>
B) Rain
C) Water
D) Minerals
Answer:
C) Water

32. Chlorine passing into water is called
A) Aeration
B) Chlorination
C) Purification
D) Filteration
Answer:
B) Chlorination

33. Pumping of water into air for purification is called
A) Chlorination
B) Purification
C) Aeration
D) Filteration
Answer:
C) Aeration

34. Which of the following is the top most layer of soil?
A) “O” Horizon
B) “R” Horizon
C) “A” Horizon
D) “B” Horizon
Answer:
A) “O” Horizon

35. Waste water released by different users are collectively called
A) Mud
B) Sewage
C) Sludge
D) None of these
Answer:
B) Sewage

36. Sewage contain
A) suspended impurities
B) dissolved impurities
C) disease causing bacteria
D) all of these
Answer:
D) all of these

37. The process involved in treatment of sewage water
A) physical process
B) chemical process
C) biological process
D) all of these
Answer:
D) all of these

38. Which gas kills harmful disease causing organisms in waste water?
A) Fluorine
B) Chlorine
C) Oxygen
D) Bromine
Answer:
B) Chlorine

39. How much percentage of precipitated water exist in glaciers?
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 7%
Answer:
B) 2%

40. Sita collects the water that used after cleaning rice, dal and vegetables in the kitchen and uses it to water the garden. This can be called ___
A) Stagnation of water
B) Reuse of water
C) Storing of water
D) Recovering of water
Answer:
B) Reuse of water

41. Soil is a good
A) habitat
B) material
C) source for plant
D) living place for snails
Answer:
A) habitat

42. Soil contains
A) Waste material
B) Humidity
C) Rocks
D) Minerals
Answer:
D) Minerals

43. This soil layer is made up of humus
A) R Horizon
B) A Horizon
C) B Horizon
D) C Horizon
Answer:
B) A Horizon

44. Soil is formed from
A) Rocks
B) Sand
C) Clay
D) Pebbles
Answer:
A) Rocks

45. Percolation rate of water is highest in
A) Rocky soil
B) Black soil
C) Sandy soil
D) Clayey soil
Answer:
C) Sandy soil

46. Percolation rate of water is lowest in
A) Black soil
B) Sandy soil
C) Clayey soil
D) All the above
Answer:
C) Clayey soil

47. Water holding capacity of soil depends on
A) Soil type
B) Rain
C) Place
D) None
Answer:
A) Soil type

48. Below the ‘O’ Horizon and above the ‘B’ Horizon this is found
A) B Horizon
B) A Horizon
C) C Horizon
D) R Horizon
Answer:
B) A Horizon

49. Percolation rate is highest in
A) Sandy soil
B) Clayey
C) Loamy
D) All
Answer:
A) Sandy soil

50. Removal of top soil by wind, water is called
A) soil profile
B) soil fertility
C) percolation
D) soil erosion
Answer:
D) soil erosion

51. Wheat, gram, and paddy are grown In
A) Sandy soil
B) Black soil
C) Clayey and loamy
D) All
Answer:
C) Clayey and loamy

52. This is called regolith
A) R Horizon
B) C Horizon
C) A Horizon
D) O Horizon
Answer:
B) C Horizon

53. This is called sub soil
A) B Horizon
B) C Horizon
C) R Horizon
D) O Horizon
Answer:
A) B Horizon

54. Study of soil is called
A) Morphology
B) Pedology
C) Biology
D) Ecology
Answer:
B) Pedology

55. Cotton is grown in
A) sandy
B) clayey
C) sandy loam
D) heavy loam
Answer:
C) sandy loam

56. The factors responsible for soil erosion
A) wind
B) water
C) deforestation
D) all of these
Answer:
D) all of these

57. It is also called top soil
A) A-horizon
B) B-horizon
C) C-horizon
D) R-horizon
Answer:
A) A-horizon

58. Animals plants and microbes activities are more in this horizon
A) A-horizon
B) R-horizon
C) C-horizon
D) 0-horizon
Answer:
A) A-horizon

59. The right sequence of horizons of the soil from top to bottom is
A) A, B, C, O, R
B) O, A, B, C, R
C) C, A, B, O, R
D) R, C, B, A, O
Answer:
B) O, A, B, C, R

60. Read the statements:
P : Water percolation rate is more to sandy soil.
Q : Water percolation rate is more to loamy soil.
A) Only P is correct
B) Only Q is correct
C) P & Q are correct
D) P & Q are wrong
Answer:
A) Only P is correct

II. Fill in the mlanks

1. The scientific study of soil is called …………….. .
2. The upper most layer of earth’s crust is …………….. .
3. The pleasant smell after the rain is known as …………….. .
4. The substance responsible for petrichor scent is …………….. .
5. Geosmin is produced by …………….. .
6. The breakdown of parent rock into small particles by the action of wind, water, heat and climate is known as …………….. .
7. The process of formation of soil from weathering is known as …………….. .
8. Natural weathering takes a time period of …………….. .
9. Dead and decayed organic matter that mixes with soil is called …………….. .
10. The factors that contribute to soil composition are called …………….. .
11. The science dealing with the influence of soil on organisms, especially on plants is called …………….. .
12. In soil profile, bed rock is present in …………….. horizon.
13. In soil profile, surface litter is present in …………….. horizon
14. …………….. horizon consists of broken rocks with very little organic matter.
15. …………….. soil is less aerated and water held longer.
16. …………….. soil has good aeration, water held but drains slowly.
17. …………….. soil is well aerated and drains quickly.
18. The ratio of the mass of water held in the soil is called …………….. .
19. Paddy is grown in …………….. soil.
20. Cotton is grown in …………….. soil.
21. Cashew is grown in …………….. soil.
22. …………….. is very useful to the farmers to know about the current health of the farm’s soil and how to improve it.
23. Preventing the degradation of soil is known as …………….. .
24. The loss of fertile top soil due to heavy winds and floods is known as …………….. .
25. Water action decade is …………….. .
26. The process of entry of water into the ground is called …………….. .
27. The upper level at which water stands in the ground is called …………….. .
28. The percentage of water present in seas and oceans is …………….. .
29. The percentage of fresh water present on earth is …………….. .
30. The wells, tube wells and hand pumps get water from …………….. .
31. Indiscriminate digging of bore wells leads to …………….. .
32. During purification of water, …………….. chemicals are used for disinfection.
33. Percolation tanks, check dams and contour trenches are helpful in …………….. .
34. Digudu Bavulu are very helpful in …………….. .
35. Best method to prevent soil erosion is …………….. .
Answer:

Pedology
soil
petrichor scent
geosmin
the spores of Actinomycetes
weathering
Pedogenesis
500 -1000 years
Humus
edaphic factors
Edaphology
R
O
C
Clayey
Loamy
Sandy
moisture content
clayey
black
sandy
Soil testing
soil conservation
Soil erosion
2018-2028
infiltration
Water table
97%
3% only
Aquifer
depletion of ground water table
chlorine and bleaching powder
recharge ground water
reviving of ground water
planting trees

III. Match the following.

Group – A	Group – B
1. Weathering	a) Pedology
2. Sandy soil	b) Water held longer
3. Clayey soil	c) Good aeration water drains slowly
4. Loamy soil	d) Water drains quickly
5. Soil Science	e) Formation of soil

Answer:

Group – A	Group – B
1. Weathering	e) Formation of soil
2. Sandy soil	d) Water drains quickly
3. Clayey soil	b) Water held longer
4. Loamy soil	c) Good aeration water drains slowly
5. Soil Science	a) Pedology

Group – A	Group – B
1. O Horizon	a) Bed rock
2. A Horizon	b) Regolith zone
3. B Horizon	c) Sub soil
4. C Horizon	d) Top soil
5. R Horizon	e) Surface litter

Answer:

Group – A	Group – B
1. O Horizon	e) Surface litter
2. A Horizon	d) Top soil
3. B Horizon	c) Sub soil
4. C Horizon	b) Regolith zone
5. R Horizon	a) Bed rock

Group – A	Group – B
1. Geosmin	a) Dead and decayed organic matter
2. Check dam	b) 500 -1000 years
3. Weathering	c) Formation of soil
4. Pedo genesis	d) Water Conservation
5. Humus	e) Actinomycetes

Answer:

Group – A	Group – B
1. Geosmin	e) Actinomycetes
2. Check dam	d) Water Conservation
3. Weathering	b) 500 -1000 years
4. Pedo genesis	c) Formation of soil
5. Humus	a) Dead and decayed organic matter

Group – A	Group – B
1. Percolation	a) Forming heavy particles
2. Soil erosion	b) Drop in rainfall
3. Deforestation	c) Chlorine, bleaching
4. Disinfection	d) Loss of top soil
5. Coagulation	e) Downward movement of water

Answer:

Group – A	Group – B
1. Percolation	e) Downward movement of water
2. Soil erosion	d) Loss of top soil
3. Deforestation	b) Drop in rainfall
4. Disinfection	c) Chlorine, bleaching
5. Coagulation	a) Forming heavy particles

Group – A	Group – B
1. Recharge	a) Soil health
2. Reuse	b) Digudu Bavulu
3. Revive	c) Drip irrigation
4. Reduce	d) Treated sewage
5. Soil testing	e) Checkdams and percolation tanks

Answer:

Group – A	Group – B
1. Recharge	e) Checkdams and percolation tanks
2. Reuse	d) Treated sewage
3. Revive	b) Digudu Bavulu
4. Reduce	c) Drip irrigation
5. Soil testing	a) Soil health