AP 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

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AP State Syllabus 10th Class Physical Science Bits 2nd Lesson Acids, Bases and Salts with Answers

CONCEPT – I Properties Of Acids and Bases

Question 1.
Indicators are used to detect the nature of the solution for
A) Acidity
B) Basicity
C) Both A and B
D) None of these
Answer:
C) Both A and B

Question 2.
……………….. taste is a characteristic property of all acids in aqueous solutions
A) Sour
B) Bitter
C) Salty
D) Sweet
Answer:
A) Sour

Question 3.
Bases tend to taste …………….. and feel …………
A) sour, pleasant to touch
B) bitter, slippery to touch
C) sour, slippery to touch
D) None of these
Answer:
B) bitter, slippery to touch

Question 4.
Acids turn …………… litmus to ………………..litmus
A) red, red
B) blue, red
C) red, blue
D) blue, blue
Answer:
B) blue, red

Question 5.
Natural indicators are prepared from…..
i) plants
ii) petrochemicals
iii) living organisms
iv) minerals
A) only i
B) both i and ii
C) both i and iii
D) both ii and iv
Answer:
C) both i and iii

Question 6.
Natural indicators among these
i) litmus
ii) extract of red cabbage
iii) methyl orange
iv) turmeric
A) only i
B) both i and ii
C) i, ii and iv
D) All
Answer:
C) i, ii and iv

Question 7.
The colour of turmeric in basic solutions is………
A) blue
B) red
C) green
D) orange
Answer:
B) red

Question 8.
Synthetic indicator among these
A) Methyl red
B) Phenolphthalein
C) Methyl orange
D) All of these
Answer:
D) All of these

Question 9.
Match the following.
a) hydrochloric acid — i) H₂SO₄
b) sulphuric acid — ii) CH₃COOH
c) nitric acid — iii) HCl
d) acetic acid — iv) HNO₃
A) a → i, b→ii, c →iii, d → iv
B) a → iii, b →i, c →iv, d → ii
C) a →i, b →iii, c →iv, d → ii
D) a → i, b → iv, c →iii, d → ii
Answer:
B) a → iii, b →i, c →iv, d → ii

Question 10.
As aqueous acid solutions conduct electricity, they are identified as
A) electrolytes
B) bad conductors
C) good conductors
D) Both A and C
Answer:
D) Both A and C

Question 11.
Acids turn methyl orange into ……………
A) red
B) blue
C) yellow
D) pink
Answer:
A) red

Question 12.
Bases turn methyl orange into …………………
A) red
B) blue
C) yellow
D) pink
Answer:
C) yellow

Question 13.
Like acids, aqueous basic solutions conduct …………, and are identified as ………………
A) heat, electrolytes
B) electricity, electrolytes
C) electricity, nonelectrolytes
D) heat, partial electrolytes
Answer:
B) electricity, electrolytes

Question 14.
The colour of phenolphthalein indicator in basic solution is ………………….
A) yellow
B) green
C) pink
D) orange
Answer:
C) pink

Question 15.
Match the following.
a) Sodium hydroxide — i) Ca(OH)₂
b) Calcium hydroxide — ii) NH₄OH
c) Magnesium hydroxide — iii) Mg(OH)₂
d) Ammonium hydroxide — iv) NaOH
A) a → i, b → ii, c → iii, d → iv
B) a → i,b → iii,c → ii,d → iv
C) a → iv, b → i, c →iii, d → ii
D) a → iv,b → iii,c → ii,d → i
Answer:
C) a → iv, b → i, c →iii, d → ii

Question 16.
Olfactory indicators are those indicators whose …….. change in acidic or basic media.
A) colour
B) odour
C) state
D) taste
Answer:
B) odour

Question 17.
The following will act as olfactory indicator.
A) onion
B) vanilla essence
C) clove oil
D) All of these
Answer:
D) All of these

Question 18.
The gas released in this experiment is.,

A) oxygen
B) hydrogen
C) chlorine
D) carbon dioxide
Answer:
B) hydrogen

Question 19.
More reactive metals react with acids and liberate …………….. gas.
A) O₂
B) H₂
C) Cl₂
D) C0₂
Answer:
B) H₂

Question 20.
Complete the reaction
2NaOH + Zn → ………………… + ………………………
A) NaCZ, H₂
B) ZnO₂, NaH₂
C) Na₂ZnO₂, H₂
D) Na₂O, H₂O
Answer:
C) Na₂ZnO₂, H₂

Question 21.
Name the parts in the diagram.

A) 1 – Thirstle funnel, 2 – Delivery tube
B) 1 – Cork, 2 – stand
C) 1 – Test tube, 2 – boiling tube
D) 1 – Sodium carbonate,
2 – hydrochloric acid
Answer:
A) 1 – Thirstle funnel, 2 – Delivery tube

Question 22.
Active metals react with acids and form
A) salt, hydrogen
B) salt, water
C) salt, nitrogen
D) salt, oxygen
Answer:
A) salt, hydrogen

Question 23.
A solution reacts with crushed egg shells to give a gas that turns lime water milky. The solution contains
A) NaCZ
B) HCZ
C) LiCZ
D) KCZ
Answer:
B) HCZ

Question 24.
What gas is produced when magnesium is made to react with hydrochloric acid?
A) Hydrogen
B) Oxygen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) No gas is produced
Answer:
A) Hydrogen

Question 25.
Metal oxides are generally …………… in nature
A) Acidic
B) Basic
C) Amphoteric
D) Neutral
Answer:
B) Basic

Question 26.
Non metal oxides are generally……. in nature
A) Acidic
B) Basic
C) Amphoteric
D) Neutral
Answer:
A) Acidic

Question 27.
Identify the odd one.
A) Glucose
B) Alcohol
C) Acetone
D) Hydrochloric acid
Answer:
D) Hydrochloric acid

Question 28.
………… is common to all adds.
A) H⁺_(aq)
B) H₃O⁺
C) OH^–
D) Both A and B
Answer:
D) Both A and B

Question 29.
…….. does not change colour of dry blue litmus.
A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Sulphuric acid
C) Dry hydrogen chloride gas
D) Nitric acid
Answer:
C) Dry hydrogen chloride gas

Question 30.
……. is common for all bases.
A) H⁺_(aq)
B) OH^–_(aq)
C) H₃O⁺
D) OH⁺
Answer:
B) OH^–_(aq)

Question 31.
In water H⁺ ions exists as
A) H₃O⁺
B) hydroniumion
C) OH^–
D) both A and B
Answer:
D) both A and B

Question 32.
If a base dissolves in wafer by what name it is better known?
A) neutralization
B) basic
C) acid
D) alkali
Answer:
D) alkali

Question 33.
The process of dissolving an acid or base in water is ………….. process.
A) endothermic
B) exothermic
C) isothermal
D) adiabatic
Answer:
B) exothermic

Question 34.
Mixing of an acid or base with water result in decrease in the concentration of H₃O⁺ /0H ^– per unit volume is called
A) hydration
B) dehydration
C) hydrolysis
D) dilution
Answer:
D) dilution

Question 35.
……………….. is slightly soluble in water
A) NaOH
B) KOH
C) Be(OH)₂
D) None of these
Answer:
C) Be(OH)₂

Question 36.
The nature of substance that converts blue litmus to red, but no change of colour with red litmus is
A) Base
B) Neutral
C) Acid
D) Can’t decide
Answer:
C) Acid

Question 37.
Phenolphthalein indicator gets pink colour with
A) HCl solution
B) NaOH solution
C) H₂ SO₄ solution
D) CH₃ COOH solution
Answer:
B) NaOH solution

Question 38.
HCl solution with Na₂ CO₃ and NaHCO₃ produces
A) H₂ gas
B) NaH (sodium hydride)
C) H₂ CO₃
D) CO₂ gas
Answer:
D) CO₂ gas

Question 39.
Which of the following solutions convert red litmus paper to blue
A) HCl
B) HNO₂
C) NaOH
D) None
Answer:
C) NaOH

Question 40.
Which of the following solutions give yellow colour with methyl orange indicator.
A) NaOH
B) CH₃ COOH
c) Ha
D) H₂ SO₄
Answer:
A) NaOH

Question 41.
The formula of sodium zincate is
A) 2NaZnO
B) Na₂ ZnO₂
C) NaZnO₂
D) NaZnO
Answer:
B) Na₂ ZnO₂

Question 42.
Olfactory indicator from the following is oaEaga
A) turmeric
B) onion
C) methyl orange
D) litmus paper
Answer:
B) onion

Question 43.
Pair of strong acid and strong base from the following is
A) HCl, NH₄
B) CH₃COOH, NH₄OH
C) CH₃COOH, NaOH
D) HCl, NaOH
Answer:
D) HCl, NaOH

Question 44.
Which one of the following produces more OH^– ions ?
A) HCl solution
B) CH₃COOH solution
C) NH₄OH solution
D) NaOH solution
Answer:
D) NaOH solution

Question 45.
Which one of the following produces more number of H₃O<sup+ ions
A) HCZ solution
B) CH₃COOH solution
C) NaOH solution
D) Mg(OH)₂ solution
Answer:
A) HCZ solution

Question 46.
Which of the following is a weak base?
A) KOH
B) NaOH
C) NH₄OH
D) None of these
Answer:
C) NH₄OH

Question 47.
When Zn is added to aqueous NaOH and on heating it forms
A) ZnO
B) Na₂ZnO₂
C) O₂
D) Na₂O
Answer:
B) Na₂ZnO₂

Question 48.
Which one of the following is an acid?
A) NaCZ
B) Ca(OH)₂
C) HNO₃
D) NaNO₃
Answer:
C) HNO₃

Question 49.
Which of the following indicators gives red colour-in acid solution ?
A) Methyl orange
B) Phenolphthalein
C) Litmus
D) Bromothymol blue
Answer:
A) Methyl orange

Question 50.
Which of the following is a mineral acid?
A) Oxalic add
B) Citric acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Phosphoric acid
Answer:
D) Phosphoric acid

Question 51.
A student added dil. HCZ to a test tube containing zinc granules and made the following observations.
i) The zinc surface becomes dull and black
ii) The gas evolved is burnt with a pop sound
iii) The solution remains colourless The correct observations are
A) i and ii
B) i and iii
C) ii and iii
D) i, ii and iii
Answer:
D) i, ii and iii

Question 52.
A student added few drops of universal indicator to a given colourless sample and observed the sample turning to red. The nature of sample is
A) neutral’solution
B) acid
C) base
D) either acid or base
Answer:
B) acid

CONCEPT – II Neutralization Reactions

Question 53.
When metal carbonate reacts with acid the products foiled are
A) salt
B) water
C) carbon dioxide
D) all of these
Answer:
D) all of these

Question 54.
Lime water turns into milky white due to the formation of
i) CaO
ii) Ca(OH)₂
iii) CaCO₃
iv) Ca(HCO₃)₂
A) only i
B) only ii
C) only iii
D) both ii and iii
Answer:
C) only iii

Question 55.
Statement I : When carbon dioxide passes through lime water it will turn into milky.
Statement II : When excess of carbon dioxide passes through lime water it will turn into colourless.
A) Both statements are true
B) Statement I is true and statement II is false
C) Statement I is false statement II is true
D) Both statements are false
Answer:
A) Both statements are true

Question 56.
The colourless solution formed when excess of CO₂ is passed through slaked lime is
A) CaO
B) Ca(OH)₂
C) CaCO₃
D) Ca(HCO₃)₂
Answer:
D) Ca(HCO₃)₂

Question 57.
When acid reacts with base it forms salt and water then the reaction is called
A) Hydrolysis
B) Esterification
C) Neutralization
D) Dehydration
Answer:
C) Neutralization

Question 58.
Which of the following is the most accurate way of showing neutralization?
A) Acid + base → acid – base solution
B) Acid + base → salt + water
C) Acid + base → sodium chloride + hydrogen
D) Acid + base »neutral solution
Answer:
B) Acid + base → salt + water

Question 59.
Whichofthefollowingsubstanceswhen mixed together will produce table salt?
A) Sodium thiosulphate and sulphur dioxide
B) Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide
C) Chlorine and oxygen
D) Nitric acid
Answer:
B) Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide

Question 60.
Base reacts with…………….. to produce salt and
A) base, water
B) acid, water
C) salt,water
D) base, salt
Answer:
B) acid, water

Question 61.
Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating irritation in stomach ?
A) antibiotic
B) analgesic
C) antacid
D) antiseptic
Answer:
C) antacid

Question 62.
The following are neutralization reactions.
i) Acid reacts with base to form salt and water
ii) Acid reacts with metal oxide to form salt and water
iii) Base reacts with non-metal oxide to form salt and water.
A) only i
B) both i and ii
C) both ii and iii
D) All of these
Answer:
D) All of these

Question 63.
Antacids are
A) strong acids
B) weak acids
C) strong bases
D) weak bases
Answer:
D) weak bases

Question 64.
The chemical name of milk of magnesia is…….
A) calcium hydroxide
B) magnesium hydroxide
C) potassium hydroxide
D) magnesium carbonate
Answer:
B) magnesium hydroxide

Question 65.
Family of chloride salts are
A) NaCl
B) KCl
C) MgCl₂
D) All of these
Answer:
D) All of these

Question 66.
Milk of magnesia is
A) MgO
B) Mg(OH)₂
C) MgCl₂
D) Mg(HCO₃)₂
Answer:
B) Mg(OH)₂

Question 67.
The pH of milk of magnesia is
A) 7 – 8
B) 6 – 7
C) 10 – 11
D) 4 – 5
Answer:
A) 7 – 8

Question 68.
HCl + H₂O → X⁺ + Cl^– Then X may be
A) H₃O⁺
B) OH^–
C) HOCl
D) H₂O⁺
Answer:
A) H₃O⁺

Question 69.
Which of the following bases is used in antacids ?
A) Ca(OH)₂
B) NaOH
C) Mg(OH)₂
D) NH₄OH
Answer:
C) Mg(OH)₂

Question 70.
…………….. is used for treating indigestion.
A) Antibiotic
B) Analgesic
C) Antacid
D) Antiseptic
Answer:
C) Antacid

Question 71.
Antacids are used
A) to produce acid in the stomach
B) to produce water in the stomach
C) to neutralise the excess base in the Stomach
D) to neutralize the excess acid in the stomach
Answer:
D) to neutralize the excess acid in the stomach

CONCEPT – III : pH and Its Applications

Question 72.
…………… can be used to know the strength of acid or base
A) Methyl orange
B) Phenolphthalein
C) Litmus
D) Universal indicators
Answer:
D) Universal indicators

Question 73.
The ‘p’ in pH stands for
A) potential
B) pressure
C) momentum
D) potenz
Answer:
D) potenz

Question 74.
Match the following.
a) acids — i) pH < 7 b) bases — ii) pH = 7 c) neutral — iii) pH > 7
A) a → i, b → iii, c →ii
B) a → i, b →ii, c → iii
C) a → iii, b → ii, c → i
D) a → ii, b →i, c → iii
Answer:
A) a → i, b → iii, c →ii

Question 75.
Match the following.
a) acid rain — i) pH below 5.5
b) tooth decay — ii) Milkof magnesia
c) antacid — iii) pH below 5.6
d) bee sting — iv) Methanoic acid
A) a → ii, b →i, c →iii, d → iv
B) a →iii; b → i, c →ii, d →iv
C) a →i, b → ii, c → iii, d → iv
D) a → i, b →iii, c →ii, d → iv
Answer:
B) a →iii; b → i, c →ii, d →iv

Question 76.
If the soil is acidic it is treated with……
A) Calcium hydroxide
B) Calcium carbonate
C) Acetic acid
D) A or B
Answer:
D) A or B

Question 77.
If the pH of a solution is 13.8 then it is
A) weak acid
B) weak base
C) strong acid
D) strong base
Answer:
D) strong base

Question 78.
Salt formed from a weak acid and strong base pH value is ……………..
A) < 7 B) > 7
C) 7
D) ≤ 7
Answer:
B) > 7

Question 79.
pH scale is introduced by
A) Sorensen
B) Mosley
C) Schrodinger
D) C.V. Raman
Answer:
A) Sorensen

Question 80.
A solution turned pink when a drop of phenolphthalein was added to it. The probable pH .of that solution is
A) 5
B) 6
C) 7
D) 10
Answer:
D) 10

Question 81.
Which of the following solutions has pH greater than 7 ?
A) CH₃COOH
B) NH₄Cl
C) NaCl
D) CH₃COONa
Answer:
D) CH₃COONa

Question 82.
Dissociation of ions in aqueous acetic acid is reversible process because it is a
A) weak acid
B) strong, acid
C) weak base
D) strong base
Answer:
A) weak acid

Question 83.
Tooth decay start when the pH value of mouth is
A) 5.4
B) 5.6
C) 5.7
D) 5.8
Answer:
A) 5.4

Question 84.
If a solution turns blue litmus to red then its pH is likely to be
A) 5
B) 8
C) 10
D) 12
Answer:
A) 5

Question 85.
Metal oxide + Acid → ……………..
A) salt + metal
B) salt + water
C) base + water
D) Non metallic oxide + base
Answer:
B) salt + water

CONCEPT – IV: Sortie Common Chemicals

Question 86.
The example for salt having acidic nature
A) NaCl
B) KCl
C) NH₄Cl
D) CH₃COONA
Answer:
C) NH₄Cl

Question 87.
The example for salt having basic nature
A) NaCl
B) KCl
C) NH₄Cl
D) CH₃COONA
Answer:
D) CH₃COONA

Question 88.
Brine solution among these is ……………….
A) NaCl(_aq )
B) KCl(_aq)
C) NH₄Cl(_aq )
D) MgCl₂(_aq )
Answer:
A) NaCl(_aq )

Question 89.
The products formed in chlor-alkali process are
i) H₂
ii) Cl₂
iii) NaOH
iv) Na₂CO₃
A) only i
B) both i and ii
C) i, ii and iii
D) All of these
Answer:
C) i, ii and iii

Question 90.
The gases released at cathode and anode during chlor-alkali process
A) H₂/Cl₂
B) Cl₂,H₂
C) H₂, O₂
D) O₂, H₂
Answer:
A) H₂/Cl₂

Question 91.
Match the following
a) Bleaching powder i) NaHCO₃
b) Baking soda ii) CaOCl₂
c) Washing soda iii) HCOOH
d) Formic acid iv) Na₂CO₃.10H₂O
A) a → i, b → ii, c → iii, d → iv
B) a → ii, b →i, c → iv, d → iii
C) a → i, b → iii, c → ii, d → iv
D) a → iv, b → iii, c → ii, d → i
Answer:
B) a → ii, b →i, c → iv, d → iii

Question 92.
……………. is used for disinfecting prinking water to make it free from germs.
A) Na₂CO₃.10H₂O
B) NaHCO₃
C) CaOCl₂
D) Mg(OH)₂
Answer:
C) CaOCl₂

Question 93.
Baking powder is mixture of…………….and …………….
A) Baking soda, citric acid
B) Baking soda, tartaric acid
C) Washing soda, tartaric acid
D) Washing soda, citric acid
Answer:
B) Baking soda, tartaric acid

Question 94.
……………. is used in soda – acid extinguishers
i) Baking soda
ii) NaHCO₃
iii) CaOCl₂
iv) H₂SO₄
A) only i
B) Both i and ii
C) only iii
D) Both iii and iv
Answer:
B) Both i and ii

Question 95.
Washing soda is……………salt.
A) Acidic
B) Basic
C) Neutral
D) Amphoteric
Answer:
B) Basic

Question 96.
The water of crystallisation of hydrous copper sulphate is
A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9
Answer:
B) 5

Question 97.
The colour of hydrous copper sulphate is …………………
A) red
B) green
C) blue
D) orange
Answer:
C) blue

Question 98.
The colour of anhydrous copper sulphate is. …………..
A) white
B) blue
C) green
D) orange
Answer:
A) white

Question 99.
Match the following. .
a) Gypsum — i) CuSO₄. 5H₂O
b) Plaster of pans — ii) CaSO₄. 2H₂O
c) Hydrous copper sulphate — iii) CaSO₄\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)H₂O
d) Anhydrous copper sulphate — iv) CuSO₄
A) a → i, b →ii, c → iii, d → iv
B) a → iv, b → iii, c → ii, d → i
C) a → ii, b → iii, c → i, d → iv
D) a → i, b → iii, c → ii, d → iv
Answer:
C) a → ii, b → iii, c → i, d → iv

Question 100.
Which of the following is an antiseptic
A) Na₂CO₃
B) NaHCO₃
C) NaCl
D) Na₂SO₄
Answer:
B) NaHCO₃

Question 101.
Match the following.
i) Milk of magnesia — CaOCl₂
ii) Gypsum — Mg(OH)₂
iii) Bleaching powder — Na₂CO₃
iv) Washing soda — CaSO₄. 2H₂O
A) i → a, ii → c, iii → d, iv → b
B) i → d, ii → b, iii → a,iv → c
D) i → b, ii → a, iii → d, iv → c
C) i → b, ii → d, iii → a, iv → c
Answer:
D) i → b, ii → a, iii → d, iv → c

Question 102.
Which of the following salt solutions are basic in nature
A) NaiCl
B) NH₄Cl
C) Na₂CO₃
D) KCl
Answer:
C) Na₂CO₃

Question 103.
Which of the following compound is used in glass, paper and soap industry?
A) Washing soda
B) Baking soda
C) Calcium hydroxide
D) Plaster of pads
Answer:
A) Washing soda

Question 104.
The formula of gypsum is
A) CaSO₄.2H₂O
B) CaSO₄,3H₂O
C) CaOCl₂
D) CaSO₄.\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)H₂O
Answer:
A) CaSO₄.2H₂O

Question 105.
The chemical formula of plaster of pans is
A) CuSO₄.5H₂O
B) CuSO₄.H₂O
C) CUSO₄.\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)H₂O
D) CaSO₄. \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)H₂O
Answer:
D) CaSO₄. \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)H₂O

Question 106.
The difference of the water molecules between gypsum and plaster of paris is
A) \(\frac { 3 }{ 2 }\)
B) \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)
C) 2
D) \(\frac { 5 }{ 2 }\)
Answer:
A) \(\frac { 3 }{ 2 }\)